Algebraic structures are fundamental mathematical entities defined by sets equipped with operations that satisfy specific axioms, such as groups, rings, and fields. Function spaces, by contrast, are ...

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has rapidly evolved throughout the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Several SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VoCs) have ...

Researchers have made significant inroads in understanding how nanoplastics and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) -- commonly known as forever chemicals -- disrupt biomolecular structure and ...

An essential component of the lymphatic system, the thymus, a pyramid-shaped organ located in the thoracic cavity, is responsible for producing T-cells. For centuries, the thymus was believed to be an ...

All life is made up of cells several magnitudes smaller than a grain of salt. Their seemingly simple-looking structures mask the intricate and complex molecular activity that enables them to carry out ...

Prior to using this narrative, have learners create their own model of a cell in their notebooks using whatever background information or experience they might have. While exploring the narrative, ...

Researchers have analyzed the antibody Immunoglobulin M in rainbow trout to shed some light on why these proteins may have evolved over time. Antibodies -- proteins that are produced by our immune ...

To meet the growing demand for high-performance, lightweight, and intelligent materials in the aerospace, automotive, and energy/power sectors, engineering ...

Proteins are essential macromolecules that play a crucial role in virtually all biological processes. They are the building blocks of life, performing a wide range of functions within organisms, from ...